Logical or factual statement about the relationship of two events
| Present Tenses | si ille est, illa est. | "If he is, she is." |
| si ille fecit, ille agit .... | "If he has finished, he does..." | |
| Past Tenses | si illa erat/fuit, ille erat/fuit. | "If she was, he was." |
| si hoc feceramus, fecerunt. | "If we did, they did." | |
| Future Tenses | si eam amabo, peribo. | "If I love her, I will die." |
| si ille abierit, illa peribit. | "If he leaves, she will die." |
The Subjunctive Conditions in Latin:
Events are imagined in terms of their possibility, with implications about their factual status.
| Present Subjunctive | Event Possible | si hoc fiat, illud sit. | "If this should happen, that would be...." (hmmm...it could happen.) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfect Subjunctive | Event was possible, but now no more | si hoc fieret, illud esset. | "If this were happening (now but it isn't), that would be (but it is not). |
| Pluperfect Subjunctive | Event was possible in the past, but already in the past it didn't happen. | si hoc factum esset, illud fuissed. | "If this had happened (back then), that would have been (but it didn't happen). |